Dieback, as shown here, is one of the most telling symptoms of tree decline, almost always indicating a soil or root problem. Sometimes this is referred to as stag horning. Photo courtesy of the author. Many years ago, [...]

Alex Shigo, father of modern arboriculture, burst on the arboricultural scene in the early 1980s with his theory of compartmentalization of decay in trees, CODIT. With this he changed our collective thinking about trees. He created a revolution in [...]